CS601 682 Solved MCQ's 20 July 2010

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Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Chapter 2: Network Models 4
Chapter 3: Signals 7
Chapter 4: Encoding and Modulation 12
Chapter 5: Multiplexing 16
Chapter 6: Switching 21
Chapter 7: Transmission Media 23
Chapter 8 : Telephone, Cable, and Satellite Networks 28
Chapter 9 : Flow and Error Control 31
Chapter 10 : Access Method 35
Chapter 11 : Wired Local Area Networks 39
Chapter 12 : Wireless Local Area Networks 42


Chapter 1: Introduction

1. In a _______ connection, more than two devices can share a single link.
a. Point-to-point
b. Primary
c. Multipoint
d. Secondary
answer ©: Multipoint

2. Communication between a computer and a keyboard involves ______________ transmission
a. Full-duplex
b. Half-duplex
c. Simplex
d. Automatic
answer ©: Simplex

3. In a network with 25 computers, which topology would require the most extensive cabling?
a. Star
b. Mesh
c. Bus
d. Ring
answer (b): Mesh

4. Which topology requires a central controller or hub?
a. Star
b. Mesh
c. Bus
d. Ring
answer (a): Star

5. The _______ is the physical path over which a message travels.
a. Protocol
b. Medium
c. Signal
d. All of the above
answer (b): Medium

6. Which organization has authority over interstate and international commerce in the communications field?
a. ITU-T
b. IEEE
c. ISO
d. FCC
answer (d): FCC

7. The information to be communicated in a data communications system is the ________
a. Medium
b. Protocol
c. Transmission
d. Message
answer (d): Message

8. Frequency of failure and network recovery time after a failure are measures of the _______ of a network.
a. Performance
b. Security
c. Reliability
d. Feasibility
answer ©: Reliability

9. In _______ transmission, the channel capacity is shared by both communicating devices at all times.
a. Full-duplex
b. Simplex
c. Half-duplex
d. Half-Simplex
answer (a): Full-duplex

10. An unauthorized user is a network _______ issue.
a. Performance
b. Reliability
c. Security
d. All of the above
answer ©: Security

11. Which topology requires a multipoint connection?
a. Mesh
b. Star
c. Ring
d. Bus
answer (d): Bus

12. A television broadcast is an example of _______ transmission.
a. Half-duplex
b. Full-duplex
c. Simplex
d. Automatic
answer ©: Simplex

13. A _______ connection provides a dedicated link between two devices.
a. Multipoint
b. Point-to-Point
c. Primary
d. Secondary
answer (b): Point-to-Point

14. A cable break in a _______ topology stops all transmission.
a. Mesh
b. Star
c. Primary
d. Bus
answer (d): Bus

Chapter 2: Network Models

15. The _______ layer changes bits into electromagnetic signals.
a. Physical
b. Transport
c. None of the above
d. Data link
answer (a): Physical

16. The physical layer is concerned with the transmission of _______ over the physical medium.
a. Programs
b. Protocols
c. Bits
d. Dialogs
The correct answer is c

17. Mail services are available to network users through the _______ layer.
a. Data link
b. Physical
c. Application
d. Transport
The correct answer is c

18. As the data packet moves from the lower to the upper layers, headers are _______.
a. Added
b. Rearranged
c. Modified
d. Subtracted
The correct answer is d
Your answer is b

19. As the data packet moves from the upper to the lower layers, headers are _______.
a. Removed
b. Added
c. Rearranged
d. Modified
The correct answer is b

20. The _______ layer lies between the network layer and the application layer.
a. Data link
b. Physical
c. Transport
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

21. Layer 2 lies between the physical layer and the _______ layer.
a. Data link
b. Network
c. Transport
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b
Your answer is b

22. When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header from A's layer 4 is read by B's _______ layer.
a. Application
b. Physical
c. Transport
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c
Your answer is a

23. Which layer functions as a liaison between user support layers and network support layers?
a. Network layer
b. Transport layer
c. Physical layer
d. Application layer
The correct answer is b

24. What is the main function of the transport layer?
a. Process-to-process delivery
b. Node-to-node delivery
c. Synchronization
d. Updating and maintenance of routing tables
The correct answer is a

25. Which of the following is an application layer service?
a. Remote log-in
b. File transfer and access
c. Mail service
d. All the above
The correct answer is d

26. The Internet model consists of _______ layers.
a. Three
b. Five
c. Seven
d. Eight
The correct answer is b

27. The process-to-process delivery of the entire message is the responsibility of the _______ layer.
a. Physical
b. Network
c. Transport
d. Application
The correct answer is c

28. The _______ layer is the layer closest to the transmission medium.
a. Network
b. Physical
c. Data link
d. Transport
The correct answer is b

Chapter 3: Signals

29. Before data can be transmitted, they must be transformed to ________.
a. Electromagnetic signals
b. Periodic signals
c. Aperiodic signals
d. Low-frequency sine waves
The correct answer is a

30. When one of the components of a signal has a frequency of zero, the average amplitude of the signal ________.
a. Is less than zero
b. Is greater than zero
c. Is zero
d. (a) or (b)
The correct answer is b

31. A periodic signal can always be decomposed into ________.
a. Exactly an odd number of sine waves
b. A set of sine waves, one of which must have a phase of 0°
c. A set of sine waves
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

32. A periodic signal completes one cycle in 0.001 s. What is the frequency?
a. 1 Hz
b. 100 Hz
c. 1 KHz
d. 1 MHz
The correct answer is c

33. In a frequency-domain plot, the horizontal axis measures the ________.
a. Frequency
b. Peak amplitude
c. Phase
d. Slope
The correct answer is a

34. In a time-domain plot, the vertical axis is a measure of ________.
a. Frequency
b. Phase
c. Amplitude
d. Time
The correct answer is c

35. In a time-domain plot, the horizontal axis is a measure of ________.
a. Signal amplitude
b. Time
c. Frequency
d. Phase
The correct answer is b

36. If the bandwidth of a signal is 5 KHz and the lowest frequency is 52 KHz, what is the highest frequency?
a. 5 KHz
b. 10 KHz
c. 47 KHz
d. 57 KHz
The correct answer is d

37.
Your answer is a

38. What is the bandwidth of a signal that ranges from 40 KHz to 4 MHz?
a. 3.96 MHz
b. 36 MHz
c. 360 KHz
d. 396 KHz
The correct answer is a

39. As frequency increases, the period ________.
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. Remains the same
d. Doubles
The correct answer is a

40. When propagation speed is multiplied by propagation time, we get the ________.
a. Throughput
b. Wavelength of the signal
c. Distance a signal or bit has traveled
d. Distortion factor
The correct answer is c

41. Propagation time is ________ proportional to distance and ________ proportional to propagation speed.
a. Inversely; directly
b. Inversely; inversely
c. Directly; inversely
d. Directly; directly
The correct answer is c

42. Wavelength is ________ proportional to propagation speed and ________ proportional to period.
a. Directly; directly
b. Inversely; directly
c. Directly; inversely
d. Inversely; inversely
The correct answer is a

43. Which of the following can be determined from a frequency-domain graph of a signal?
a. Phase
b. Power
c. Frequency
d. All the above
The correct answer is c

44. Which of the following can be determined from a frequency-domain graph of a signal?
a. Phase
b. Bandwidth
c. Power
d. All the above
The correct answer is b

45. In a frequency-domain plot, the vertical axis measures the ________.
a. Frequency
b. Peak amplitude
c. Phase
d. Slope
The correct answer is b

46. Given two sine waves A and B, if the frequency of A is twice that of B, then the period of B is ________ that of A.
a. One-half
b. Twice
c. The same as
d. Indeterminate from
The correct answer is b

47. The wavelength of green light in air is ________ the wavelength of green light in fiber-optic cable.
a. Greater than
b. Less than
c. Equal to
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b

48. Using the Shannon formula to calculate the data rate for a given channel, if C = B, then ________.
a. The signal is equal to the noise
b. The signal is less than the noise
c. The signal is greater than the noise
d. Not enough information is given to answer the question
The correct answer is a

49. A sine wave is ________.
a. Aperiodic and continuous
b. Periodic and discrete
c. Aperiodic and discrete
d. Periodic and continuous
The correct answer is d

50. If the maximum amplitude of a sine wave is 2 V, the minimum amplitude is ________ V.
a. 2
b. 1
c. -2
d. Between -2 and 2
The correct answer is c

51. A signal is measured at two different points. The power is P1 at the first point and P2 at the second point. The dB is 0. This means ________.
a. P2 is zero
b. P2 equals P1
c. P2 is much larger than P1
d. P2 is much smaller than P1
The correct answer is b

52. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the resistance of the transmission medium.
a. Distortion
b. Noise
c. Decibel
d. Attenuation
The correct answer is d

53. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses strength due to the different propagation speeds of each frequency that makes up the signal.
a. Attenuation
b. Noise
c. Distortion
d. Decibel
The correct answer is c

54. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which an outside source such as crosstalk corrupts a signal.
a. Attenuation
b. Noise
c. Distortion
d. Decibel
The correct answer is b

55.
The ________ has units of meters/second or kilometers/second.
a. Throughput
b. Propagation time
c. Propagation speed
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is c

56. ________ has units of bits/second.
a. Throughput
b. Propagation speed
c. Propagation time
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is a

57. The ________ has units of seconds.
a. Throughput
b. Propagation time
c. Propagation speed
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is b

58.
The wavelength of a signal depends on the ________.
a. Frequencies of the signal
b. Medium
c. Phase of the signal
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d


Chapter 4: Encoding and Modulation

59. Which encoding technique attempts to solve the loss of synchronization due to long strings of 0s?
a. NRZ
b. BnZS
c. AMI
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is b

60. Block coding can help in _______ at the receiver.
a. Synchronization
b. Error detection
c. Attenuation
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

61. In _______ transmission, bits are transmitted simultaneously, each across its own wire.
a. Parallel
b. Asynchronous serial
c. Synchronous serial
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is a

62. Unipolar, bipolar, and polar encoding are types of _______ encoding.
a. Block
b. Line
c. NRZ
d. Manchester
The correct answer is b

63. _______ encoding has a transition at the middle of each bit.
a. RZ
b. Manchester
c. Differential Manchester
d. All the above
The correct answer is d

64. _______ encoding has a transition at the beginning of each 0 bit.
a. Differential Manchester
b. RZ
c. Manchester
d. All the above
The correct answer is a

65. PCM is an example of _______ conversion.
a. Analog-to-analog
b. Analog-to-digital
c. Digital-to-digital
d. Digital-to-analog
The correct answer is b

66. If the frequency spectrum of a signal has a bandwidth of 500 Hz with the highest frequency at 600 Hz, what should be the sampling rate, according to the Nyquist theorem?
a. 500 samples/s
b. 1000 samples/s
c. 200 samples/s
d. 1200 samples/s
The correct answer is d

67. One factor in the accuracy of a reconstructed PCM signal is the _______.
a. Number of bits used for quantization
b. Signal bandwidth
c. Carrier frequency
d. Baud rate
The correct answer is a

68. In asynchronous transmission, the gap time between bytes is _______.
a. Fixed
b. A function of the data rate
c. Variable
d. Zero
The correct answer is c

69. Synchronous transmission does not have _______.
a. A start bit
b. A stop bit
c. Gaps between bytes
d. All the above
The correct answer is d

70. Which encoding type always has a nonzero average amplitude?
a. Polar
b. Bipolar
c. Unipolar
d. All the above
The correct answer is c

71. Which of the following encoding methods does not provide for synchronization?
a. Manchester
b. NRZ-L
c. RZ
d. NRZ-I
The correct answer is b

72. Which encoding method uses alternating positive and negative values for 1s?
a. Manchester
b. AMI
c. NRZ-I
d. RZ
The correct answer is b

73. In PCM, an analog-to- _______ conversion occurs.
a. Analog
b. Digital
c. QAM
d. Differential
The correct answer is b

74. If the maximum value of a PCM signal is 31 and the minimum value is -31, how many bits were used for coding?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
The correct answer is c

75. RZ encoding involves _______ signal levels.
a. Five
b. Four
c. Three
d. Two
The correct answer is c

76. Which quantization level results in a more faithful reproduction of the signal?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 16
d. 32
The correct answer is d

77. In _______ transmission, bits are transmitted over a single wire, one at a time.
a. Asynchronous serial
b. Synchronous serial
c. Parallel
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

78. In _______ transmission, a start bit and a stop bit frame a character byte.
a. Synchronous serial
b. Asynchronous serial
c. Parallel
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is b

79. If a symbol is composed of 3 bits, there are _______ data levels.
a. 2
b. 4
c. 8
d. 16
The correct answer is c

80. The Nyquist theorem specifies the minimum sampling rate to be_______.
a. Twice the bandwidth of a signal
b. Twice the highest frequency of a signal
c. Equal to the lowest frequency of a signal
d. Equal to the highest frequency of a signal
The correct answer is b

81. Pulse rate is always _______ the bit rate.
a. Less than
b. Less than or equal to
c. Greater than
d. Greater than or equal to
The correct answer is b


Chapter 5: Multiplexing

82. AM and FM are examples of ________ modulation.
a. Analog-to-analog
b. Analog-to-digital
c. Digital-to-digital
d. Digital-to-analog
The correct answer is a
Your answer is a

83. In QAM, both phase and ________ of a carrier frequency are varied.
a. Frequency
b. Bit rate
c. Amplitude
d. Baud rate
The correct answer is c

84. Which of the following is most affected by noise?
a. PSK
b. FSK
c. QAM
d. ASK
The correct answer is d

85. ASK, PSK, FSK, and QAM are examples of ________ modulation.
a. Analog-to-analog
b. Analog-to-digital
c. Digital-to-digital
d. Digital-to-analog
The correct answer is d

86. If the baud rate is 400 for a 4-PSK signal, the bit rate is ________ bps.
a. 1600 100
b. 800
c. 400
d. 100
The correct answer is b

87. If the bit rate for an ASK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is ________.
a. 300
b. 400
c. 600
d. 1200
The correct answer is d

88. As the bit rate of an FSK signal increases, the bandwidth ________.
a. Remains the same
b. Decreases
c. Increases
d. Doubles
The correct answer is c

89. In 16-QAM, there are 16 ________.
a. Phases
b. Combinations of phase and amplitude
c. Amplitudes
d. bps
The correct answer is b

90. Which modulation technique involves tribits, eight different phase shifts, and one amplitude?
a. FSK
b. ASK
c. 4-PSK
d. 8-PSK
The correct answer is d

91. If the bit rate for an FSK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is ________.
a. 300
b. 400
c. 600
d. 1200
The correct answer is d

92. If the bit rate for a QAM signal is 3000 bps and a signal unit is represented by a tribit, what is the baud rate?
a. 300
b. 400
c. 1000
d. 1200
The correct answer is c

93. If the baud rate for a QAM signal is 3000 and a signal unit is represented by a tribit, what is the bit rate?
a. 300
b. 400
c. 1000
d. 9000
The correct answer is d

94. If the baud rate for a QAM signal is 1800 and the bit rate is 9000, how many bits are there per signal unit?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
The correct answer is c

95. Given an AM radio signal with a bandwidth of 10 KHz and the highest-frequency component at 705 KHz, what is the frequency of the carrier signal?
a. 705 KHz
b. 700 KHz
c. 710 KHz
d. Cannot be determined from given information
The correct answer is b

96. A modulated signal is formed by ________.
a. Changing the carrier wave by the modulating signal
b. Quantization of the source data
c. Changing the modulating signal by the carrier wave
d. Sampling at the Nyquist frequency
The correct answer is a

97. If FCC regulations are followed, the carrier frequencies of adjacent AM radio stations are ________ apart.
a. 5 KHz
b. 10 KHz
c. 200 KHz
d. 530 KHz
The correct answer is b

98. If FCC regulations are followed, ________ potential FM stations are theoretically possible in a given area.
a. 50
b. 100
c. 133
d. 150
The correct answer is a

99. When an ASK signal is decomposed, the result is ________.
a. An infinite number of sine waves
b. Always one sine wave
c. Always two sine waves
d. None of the above
The correct answer is a

100. The bandwidth of an FM signal requires 10 times the bandwidth of the _______ signal.
a. Bipolar
b. Sampling
c. Carrier
d. Modulating
The correct answer is d

101. Modulation of an analog signal can be accomplished through changing the ________ of the carrier signal.
a. Amplitude
b. Frequency
c. Phase
d. Any of the above
The correct answer is d

102. For a telephone line, the bandwidth for voice is usually _______ the bandwidth for data.
a. Less than
b. Greater than
c. Twice
d. Equivalent to
The correct answer is b

103. For a given bit rate, the minimum bandwidth for ASK is ________ the minimum bandwidth for FSK.
a. Less than
b. Equivalent to
c. Greater than
d. Twice
The correct answer is a

104. What is the object of trellis coding?
a. To narrow the bandwidth
b. To increase the data rate
c. To reduce the error rate
d. To simplify modulation
The correct answer is c

105. A modulator converts a(n)________ signal to a(n) ________ signal.
a. Digital; analog
b. Analog; digital
c. PSK; FSK
d. FSK; PSK
The correct answer is a

106. A 56K modem can download at a rate of _______ Kbps and upload at a rate of ________ Kbps.
a. 56.6; 33.6
b. 56.6; 56.6
c. 33.6; 33.6
d. 33.6; 56.6
The correct answer is a

107. For FSK, as the difference between the two carrier frequencies increases, the bandwidth ________.
a. Remains the same
b. Decreases
c. Increases
d. Halves
The correct answer is c

108. The bit rate always equals the baud rate in which type of signal?
a. FSK
b. QAM
c. 4-PSK
d. All the above
The correct answer is a

109. Which ITU-T modem standard uses trellis coding?
a. V.32
b. V.33
c. V.34
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is a

110. In trellis coding the number of data bits is ________ the number of transmitted bits.

a. Less than
b. More than
c. Equal to
d. Double that of
The correct answer is a


Chapter 6: Switching
111. Which multiplexing technique transmits digital signals?
a. WDM
b. FDM
c. TDM
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

112. Which multiplexing technique shifts each signal to a different carrier frequency?
a. TDM
b. FDM
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b

113. In TDM, for n signal sources of the same data rate, each frame contains _______ slots.
a. 0 to n
b. n
c. n + 1
d. n - 1
The correct answer is b

114. In TDM, the transmission rate of the multiplexed path is usually _______ the sum of the transmission rates of the signal sources.
a. 1 less than
b. Greater than
c. Less than
d. Equal to
The correct answer is b

115. DS-1 through DS-4 are _______ while T-1 through T-4 are _______.
a. Services; signals
b. Services; lines
c. Services; multiplexers
d. Multiplexers; signals
The correct answer is b

116. The sharing of a medium and its link by two or more devices is called _______.
a. Modulation
b. Encoding
c. Multiplexing
d. Line discipline
The correct answer is c

117. In AT&T's FDM hierarchy, the bandwidth of each group type can be found by multiplying _______ and adding extra bandwidth for guard bands.
a. The sampling rate by 4000 Hz
b. The number of voice channels by 4000 Hz
c. The number of voice channels by 8 bits/sample
d. The sampling rate by 8 bits/sample
The correct answer is b

118. Guard bands increase the bandwidth for _______.
a. TDM
b. FDM
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b

119. Which multiplexing technique transmits analog signals?
a. FDM
b. TDM
c. WDM
d. (a) and ©
The correct answer is d

120. In a T-1 line, _______ interleaving occurs.
a. Bit
b. Byte
c. DS-0
d. Switch
The correct answer is b

121. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed of light beams?
a. WDM
b. FDM
c. TDM
d. None of the above
The correct answer is a


Chapter 7: Transmission Media
122. The VLF and LF bands use _______ propagation for communications.
a. Space
b. Ground
c. Sky
d. Line of sight
The correct answer is b

123. Category 1 UTP cable is most often used in _______ networks.
a. Infrared
b. Telephone
c. Fast Ethernet
d. Traditional Ethernet
The correct answer is b

124. BNC connectors are used by _______ cables.
a. Fiber-optic
b. UTP
c. STP
d. Coaxial
The correct answer is d

125. Which of the following is not a guided medium?
a. Twisted-pair cable
b. Fiber-optic cable
c. Atmosphere
d. Coaxial cable
The correct answer is c

126. In an environment with many high-voltage devices, the best transmission medium would be _________.
a. Twisted-pair cable
b. Coaxial cable
c. The atmosphere
d. Optical fiber
The correct answer is d

127. _______ cable consists of an inner copper core and a second conducting outer sheath.
a. Coaxial
b. Twisted-pair
c. Fiber-optic
d. Shielded twisted-pair
The correct answer is a

128. In fiber optics, the signal source is _______ waves.
a. Very low-frequency
b. Light
c. Radio
d. Infrared
The correct answer is b

129. Smoke signals are an example of communication through _______.
a. A guided medium
b. A refractive medium
c. An unguided medium
d. A small or large medium
The correct answer is c

130. Which of the following primarily uses guided media?
a. Cellular telephone system
b. Satellite communications
c. Local telephone system
d. Radio broadcasting
The correct answer is c

131. What is the major factor that makes coaxial cable less susceptible to noise than twisted-pair cable?
a. Outer conductor
b. Inner conductor
c. Diameter of cable
d. Insulating material
The correct answer is a

132. The RG number gives us information about _______.
a. Optical fibers
b. Twisted pairs
c. Coaxial cables
d. All the above
The correct answer is c

133. Transmission media are usually categorized as _______.
a. Guided or unguided
b. Fixed or unfixed
c. Determinate or indeterminate
d. Metallic or nonmetallic
The correct answer is a

134. The _______ is an association that sponsors the use of infrared waves.
a. EIA
b. IrDA
c. FCC
d. PUD
The correct answer is b

135. In an optical fiber, the inner core is _______ the cladding.
a. Less dense than
b. Denser than
c. The same density as
d. Another name for
The correct answer is b

136. The inner core of an optical fiber is _______ in composition.
a. Copper
b. Bimetallic
c. Glass or plastic
d. Liquid
The correct answer is c

137. When a beam of light travels through media of two different densities, if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, _______ occurs.
a. Refraction
b. Reflection
c. Incidence
d. Criticism
The correct answer is b

138. In _______ propagation, the beam of propagated light is almost horizontal, and the low-density core has a small diameter compared to the cores of the other propagation modes.
a. Single-mode
b. Multimode step-index
c. Multimode graded-index
d. Multimode single-index
The correct answer is a

139. _______ is the propagation method subject to the greatest distortion.
a. Single-mode
b. Multimode step-index
c. Multimode graded-index
d. Multimode single-index
The correct answer is b

140. In _______ propagation, the core is of varying densities.
a. Single-mode
b. Multimode step-index
c. Multimode graded-index
d. Multimode single-index
The correct answer is c

141. When we talk about unguided media, usually we are referring to _______.
a. Metallic wires
b. Nonmetallic wires
c. The air
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

142. Transmission media are closest to the _______ layer.
a. Application
b. Physical
c. Network
d. Transport
The correct answer is b

143. Radio wave and microwave frequencies range from _______.
a. 3 to 300 KHz
b. 300 KHz to 3 GHz
c. 3 KHz to 300 GHz
d. 3 KHz to 3000 GHz
The correct answer is c

144. Optical fibers, unlike wire media, are highly resistant to _______.
a. High-frequency transmission
b. Low-frequency transmission
c. Refraction
d. Electromagnetic interference
The correct answer is d

145. In _______ propagation, low-frequency radio waves hug the earth.
a. Space
b. Ground
c. Sky
d. Line of sight
The correct answer is b

146. When the angle of incidence is _______ the critical angle, the light beam bends along the interface.
a. More than
b. Less than
c. Equal to
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

147. A parabolic dish antenna is a(n) _______ antenna.
a. Omnidirectional
b. Bidirectional
c. Horn
d. Unidirectional
The correct answer is d


Chapter 8 : Telephone, Cable, and Satellite Networks
148. The telephone service handled between two LATAs is called _______.
a. An ILEC
b. An IXC
c. A CLEC
d. A POP
The correct answer is b

149. How many crosspoints are needed in a single-stage switch with 40 inputs and 50 outputs?
a. 2000
b. 90
c. 50
d. 40
The correct answer is a

150. The _______ is a device that connects n inputs to m outputs.
a. Crossbar
b. Crosspoint
c. Modem
d. RAM
The correct answer is a

151. The established telephone company that provided services in a LATA before 1966 and owns the cabling system is called _______.
a. A CLEC
b. An IXC
c. An ILEC
d. A POP
The correct answer is c

152. In a crossbar with 1000 crosspoints, approximately how many are in use at any time?
a. 100
b. 250
c. 500
d. 1000
The correct answer is b

153. The _______ of a TSI controls the order of delivery of slot values that are stored in RAM.
a. Crossbar
b. Crosspoint
c. Transceiver
d. Control unit
The correct answer is d

154. Which of the following is a time-division switch?
a. TSI
b. TDM bus
c. Crosspoint
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

155. In a time-division switch, a _______ governs the destination of a packet stored in RAM.
a. Control unit
b. TDM bus
c. Crosspoint
d. Crossbar
The correct answer is a

156. A telephone network is an example of a _______ network.
a. Circuit-switched
b. Packet-switched
c. Message-switched
d. None of the above
The correct answer is a

157. The local loop has _______ cable that connects the subscriber telephone to the nearest end office.
a. Coaxial
b. Fiber-optic
c. Twisted-pair
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is c

158. Trunks are transmission media such as _______ that handle the telephone communication between offices.
a. Twisted-pair cable
b. Fiber-optic cable
c. Satellite links
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is d

159. A new telephone company that provides services in a LATA after 1966 is called _______.
a. An ILEC
b. An IXC
c. A POP
d. A CLEC
The correct answer is d

160. If the end office receives two bursts of analog signals with frequencies of 697 and 1477 Hz, then the number _______ has been punched.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
The correct answer is c

161. In _______ circuit switching, delivery of data is delayed because data must be stored and retrieved from RAM.
a. Time-division
b. Space-division
c. Virtual
d. Packet
The correct answer is a

162. Data from a computer are _______; the local loop handles _______ signals.
a. Digital; digital
b. Digital; analog
c. Analog; analog
d. Analog; digital
The correct answer is b

163. To create a _______, combine crossbar switches in stages.
a. TSI
b. Multistage switch
c. Crosspoint
d. Packet switch
The correct answer is b

164. A traditional telephone line has a bandwidth of _______.
a. 2000 Hz
b. 4000 Hz
c. 2000 MHz
d. 4000 MHz
The correct answer is b


Chapter 9 : Flow and Error Control
165. SONET is a standard for _______ networks.
a. Twisted-pair cable
b. Fiber-optic cable
c. Coaxial cable
d. Ethernet
The correct answer is b

166. _______ limit the bandwidth of the local loop to 4 KHz.
a. Fiber nodes
b. Repeaters
c. Filters
d. Hubs
The correct answer is c

167. The actual bit rate of ADSL downstream data is _______.
a. 6 to 30 Kbps
b. 64 Kbps to 1 Mbps
c. 500 Kbps to 8 Mbps
d. 31 Kbps to 255 Mbps
The correct answer is c

168. _______ is a device at the telephone company site that can packetize data to be sent to the ISP server.
a. A filter
b. A splitter
c. A DSLAM
d. An ADSL modem
The correct answer is c

169. The standard for data transmission over an HFC network is called _______.
a. DOCSIS
b. CMTS
c. MCNS
d. ADSL
The correct answer is a

170. DMT is a modulation technique that combines elements of _______ and _______.
a. FDM; TDM
b. QDM; QAM
c. PSK; FSK
d. FDM; QAM
The correct answer is d

171. The _______ is an HFC network device installed inside the distribution hub that receives data from the Internet and passes them to the combiner.
a. DOCSIS
b. MCNS
c. CM
d. CMTS
The correct answer is d

172. HDSL encodes data using _______.
a. 6B/8T
b. 4B/5B
c. 2B1Q
d. 1B2Q
The correct answer is c
Your answer is a

173. _______ encoded signal is more susceptible to attenuation than _______ encoded signal.
a. An AMI; a 2B1Q
b. An AMI; a 2B2Q
c. A 2B1Q; an AMI
d. None of the above
The correct answer is a

174. Another name for the cable TV office is the _______.
a. Fiber node
b. Combiner
c. Head end
d. Splitter
The correct answer is c

175. A traditional cable TV network transmits signals ______.
a. Upstream and downstream
b. Upstream
c. Downstream
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

176. _______ was designed as an alternative to the T-1 line.
a. VDSL
b. SDSL
c. HDSL
d. ADSL
The correct answer is c

177. The synchronous payload envelope of an STS-1 frame contains _______.
a. Pointers
b. User data
c. Overhead
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is d

178. _______ has a higher transmission rate in the downstream direction than in the upstream direction.
a. VDSL
b. ADSL
c. SDSL
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

179. An HFC network uses _______ as the medium from the switch to the fiber node.
a. UTP
b. STP
c. Optical fiber
d. Coaxial cable
The correct answer is c

180. In an HFC network, the distribution hub handles the _______ of signals.
a. Modulation
b. Distribution
c. Splitting
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

181. A TV channel in an HFC network needs a _______-MHz bandwidth.
a. 369
b. 6
c. 100
d. 250
The correct answer is b

182. _______ data go from the subscriber to the Internet.
a. Downstream
b. Upstream
c. Midstream
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b

183. In an HFC network, the upstream data are modulated using the _______ modulation technique.
a. PCM
b. QAM
c. QPSK
d. ASK
The correct answer is b

184. _______ is suitable for businesses that require comparable upstream and downstream data rates.
a. SDSL
b. VDSL
c. ADSL
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is a

185. SONET is an acronym for _______ Network.
a. Standard Optical
b. Symmetric Open
c. Synchronous Optical
d. Standard Open
The correct answer is c

186. The largest portion of the bandwidth for ADSL carries _______.
a. Voice communication
b. Downstream data
c. Upstream data
d. Control data
The correct answer is b

187. In a SONET system, _______ can remove signals from a path.
a. An add/drop multiplexer
b. A repeater
c. An STS multiplier
d. A regenerator
The correct answer is a


Chapter 10 : Access Method
188. Which of the following best describes a single-bit error?
a. A single bit is inverted.
b. A single bit is inverted per transmission.
c. A single bit is inverted per data unit.
d. Any of the above
The correct answer is c

189. Which error detection method uses ones complement arithmetic?
a. Simple parity check
b. Checksum
c. Two-dimensional parity check
d. CRC
The correct answer is b

190. Which error detection method consists of just one redundant bit per data unit?
a. Two-dimensional parity check
b. CRC
c. Simple parity check
d. Checksum
The correct answer is c

191. Which error detection method involves polynomials?
a. CRC
b. Simple parity check
c. Two-dimensional parity check
d. Checksum
The correct answer is a

192. If the ASCII character G is sent and the character D is received, what type of error is this?
a. Single-bit
b. Multiple-bit
c. Burst
d. Recoverable
The correct answer is c

193. If the ASCII character H is sent and the character I is received, what type of error is this?
a. Burst
b. Recoverable
c. Single-bit
d. Multiple-bit
The correct answer is c

194. In cyclic redundancy checking, what is the CRC?
a. The remainder
b. The divisor
c. The quotient
d. The dividend
The correct answer is a

195. Which error detection method involves the use of parity bits?
a. Simple parity check
b. Two-dimensional parity check
c. CRC
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

196. In cyclic redundancy checking, the divisor is _______ the CRC.
a. The same size as
b. 1 bit more than
c. 1 bit less than
d. 2 bits more than
The correct answer is b

197. If the data unit is 111111, the divisor 1010, and the remainder 110, what is the dividend at the receiver?
a. 111111011
b. 1010110
c. 111111110
d. 110111111
The correct answer is c

198. Which error detection method consists of a parity bit for each data unit as well as an entire data unit of parity bits?
a. Simple parity check
b. Checksum
c. Two-dimensional parity check
d. CRC
The correct answer is c

199. If the data unit is 111111 and the divisor 1010, what is the dividend at the transmitter?
a. 1111110000
b. 111111000
c. 111111
d. 1111111010
The correct answer is b

200. If odd parity is used for ASCII error detection, the number of 0s per 8-bit symbol is _______.
a. Indeterminate
b. 42
c. Even
d. Odd
The correct answer is d

201. In CRC there is no error if the remainder at the receiver is _______.
a. Nonzero
b. The quotient at the sender
c. Equal to the remainder at the sender
d. Zero
The correct answer is d

202. At the CRC generator, _______ added to the data unit after the division process.
a. 0s are
b. 1s are
c. The CRC remainder is
d. The polynomial is
The correct answer is c

203. The sum of the checksum and data at the receiver is _______ if there are no errors.
a. -0
b. +0
c. The complement of the checksum
d. The complement of the data
The correct answer is a

204. In CRC the quotient at the sender _______.
a. Becomes the dividend at the receiver
b. Becomes the divisor at the receiver
c. Is the remainder
d. Is discarded
The correct answer is d

205. The Hamming code is a method of _______.
a. Error detection
b. Error correction
c. Error encapsulation
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is d

206. At the CRC checker, _______ means that the data unit is damaged.
a. A string of alternating 1s and 0s
b. A nonzero remainder
c. A string of 0s
d. A string of 1s
The correct answer is b

207. Which error detection method can detect a single-bit error?
a. Simple parity check
b. Two-dimensional parity check
c. CRC
d. All the above
The correct answer is d

208. Which error detection method can detect a burst error?
a. The parity check
b. Two-dimensional parity check
c. CRC
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is d

209. At the CRC generator, _______ added to the data unit before the division process.
a. A polynomial is
b. A CRC remainder is
c. 0s are
d. 1s are
The correct answer is c


Chapter 11 : Wired Local Area Networks
210. HDLC is an acronym for _______.
a. High-duplex line communication
b. Half-duplex digital link combination
c. High-level data link control
d. Host double-level circuit
The correct answer is c

211. Flow control is needed to prevent ________.
a. Overflow of the sender buffer
b. Overflow of the receiver buffer
c. Bit errors
d. Collision between sender and receiver
The correct answer is b

212. In a Go-Back-N ARQ, if the window size is 63, what is the range of sequence numbers?
a. 1 to 63
b. 1 to 64
c. 0 to 63
d. 0 to 64
The correct answer is c

213. For a sliding window of size n - 1 (n sequence numbers), there can be a maximum of _______ frames sent but unacknowledged.
a. 0
b. n
c. n - 1
d. n + 1
The correct answer is b

214. When data and acknowledgment are sent on the same frame, this is called _______.
a. Backpacking
b. Piggypacking
c. Piggybacking
d. A good idea
The correct answer is c

215. In _______ ARQ, if a NAK is received, only the specific damaged or lost frame is retransmitted.
a. Go-Back-N
b. Stop-and-Wait
c. Selective Repeat
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is a

216. ARQ stands for _______.
a. Automatic repeat request
b. Automatic retransmission request
c. Acknowledge repeat request
d. Automatic repeat quantization
The correct answer is a

217. In Go-Back-N ARQ, if frames 4, 5, and 6 are received successfully, the receiver may send an ACK _______ to the sender.
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. Any of the above
The correct answer is d

218. The shortest frame in HDLC protocol is usually the _______ frame.
a. Information
b. Management
c. Supervisory
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

219. The address field of a frame in HDLC protocol contains the address of the _______ station.
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. (a) or (b)
The correct answer is b

220. The HDLC _______ field defines the beginning and end of a frame.
a. Address
b. Control
c. Flag
d. FCS
The correct answer is c

221. A timer is set when _______ is (are) sent out.
a. An ACK
b. A NAK
c. A data frame
d. All the above
The correct answer is c

222. For Stop-and-Wait ARQ, for n data packets sent, _______ acknowledgments are needed.
a. n - 1
b. n + 1
c. n
d. 2n
The correct answer is c

223. What is present in all HDLC control fields?
a. N®
b. N(S)
c. Code bits
d. P/F bit
The correct answer is d


Chapter 12 : Wireless Local Area Networks
224. According to the PPP transition state diagram, options are negotiated in the _______ state.
a. Networking
b. Terminating
c. Establishing
d. Authenticating
The correct answer is c

225. According to the PPP transition state diagram, verification of user identification occurs in the _______ state.
a. Networking
b. Terminating
c. Establishing
d. Authenticating
The correct answer is d

226. PAP requires _______ and _______ from the user.
a. A password; a calculated value
b. Authentication identification; a calculated value
c. Authentication identification; a password
d. A challenge value; a password
The correct answer is c

227. According to the PPP transition state diagram, the link is disconnected in the _______ state.
a. Networking
b. Terminating
c. Establishing
d. Authenticating
The correct answer is b

228. In the PPP frame, the _______ field defines the contents of the data field.
a. FCS
b. Flag
c. Control
d. Protocol
The correct answer is d

229. According to the PPP transition state diagram, exchange of user control and data packets occurs in the _______ state.
a. Networking
b. Terminating
c. Establishing
d. Authenticating
The correct answer is a

230. _______, an (a)_______ protocol, establishes and terminates a network layer connection for IP packets.
a. CHAP; NCP
b. IPCP; NCP
c. NCP; IPCP
d. SLIP; PPP
The correct answer is b

231. In the PPP frame, the _______ field is similar to that of the U-frame in HDLC.
a. Flag
b. Protocol
c. FCS
d. Control
The correct answer is d

232. In the PPP frame, the _______ field has a value of 11111111 to indicate the broadcast address of HDLC.
a. Protocol
b. Address
c. Control
d. FCS
The correct answer is b

233. What is the purpose of LCP packets?
a. Configuration
b. Termination
c. Option negotiation
d. All the above
The correct answer is d

234. _______ is a three-way handshake for user verification.
a. PPP
b. CHAP
c. PAP
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is b

235. A PAP packet and a CHAP packet can be distinguished by the value of the _______ field of the PPP frame.
a. Protocol
b. FCS
c. Address
d. Control
The correct answer is d

236. In the PPP frame, the _______ field is for error control.
a. FCS
b. Flag
c. Control
d. Protocol
The correct answer is a

237. CHAP authentication, the user takes the system's _______ and its own _______ to create a result that is then sent to the system.
a. Authentication identification; password
b. Password; authentication identification
c. Challenge value; password
d. Password; challenge value
The correct answer is c

238. If an FDMA network has eight stations, the medium bandwidth has ______ bands.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 8
d. 16
The correct answer is c

239. In the _______ random-access method there is no collision.
a. CSMA/CD
b. CSMA/CA
c. ALOHA
d. Token-passing
The correct answer is b

240. In the 1-persistent approach, when a station finds an idle line, it _______.
a. Sends immediately
b. Waits 0.1 s before sending
c. Waits 1 s before sending
d. Waits a time equal to 1 - p before sending
The correct answer is a

241. _______ requires one primary station and one or more secondary stations.
a. Token ring
b. Reservation
c. Polling
d. CSMA
The correct answer is c

242. In the p-persistent approach, when a station finds an idle line, it _______.
a. Sends immediately
b. Waits 1 s before sending
c. Sends with probability 1 - p
d. Sends with probability p
The correct answer is d

243. A network using the CSMA random-access method with p equal to 0.25 will send _______ percent of the time after accessing an idle line.
a. 50
b. 75
c. 100
d. 25
The correct answer is d

244. The 1-persistent approach can be considered a special case of the p-persistent approach with p equal to _______.
a. 1.0
b. 2.0
c. 0.1
d. 0.5
The correct answer is a

245. _______ is a random-access protocol.
a. FDMA
b. CDMA
c. MA
d. Polling
The correct answer is c

246. In the reservation access method, if there are 10 stations on a network, then there are _______ reservation minislots in the reservation frame.
a. 10
b. 11
c. 5
d. 9
The correct answer is a

247. A Walsh table for 16 stations has a chip sequence of _______ chips.
a. 16
b. 32
c. 4
d. 8
The correct answer is a

248. _______ is a controlled-access protocol.
a. FDMA
b. TDMA
c. CSMA
d. Reservation
The correct answer is d

249. _______ is (are) a channelization protocol.
a. FDMA
b. TDMA
c. CDMA
d. All the above
The correct answer is d

250. _______ is the access protocol used by traditional Ethernet.
a. Token ring
b. CSMA
c. CSMA/CD
d. CSMA/CA
The correct answer is c

251. The most primitive random access method is _______.
a. Channelization
b. ALOHA
c. CSMA
d. Token passing
The correct answer is b

252. When a collision is detected in a network using CSMA/CD, _______.
a. The frame is immediately resent
b. The backoff value is decremented by 1
c. A jam signal is sent by the station
d. The backoff value is set to 0
The correct answer is c

253. In the _______ random-access method, stations do not sense the medium.
a. CSMA/CA
b. ALOHA
c. CSMA/CD
d. Ethernet
The correct answer is b

254. When a primary device asks a secondary device if it has data to send, this is called _______.
a. Backing off
b. Polling
c. Selecting
d. Reserving
The correct answer is b

255. If a TDMA network has eight stations, the medium bandwidth has _______ bands.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 8
d. 16
The correct answer is a

256. If a CDMA network has eight stations, the medium bandwidth has _______ bands.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 8
d. 16
The correct answer is a

257. If an Ethernet destination address is 08-07-06-05-44-33, then this is a ______ address.
a. Broadcast
b. Unicast
c. Multicast
d. Any of the above
The correct answer is b

258. What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the Ethernet address 01011010 00010001 01010101 00011000 10101010 00001111?
a. 5A-11-55-18-AA-0F
b. 5A-88-AA-18-55-F0
c. 5A-81-BA-81-AA-0F
d. 5A-18-5A-18-55-0F
The correct answer is a

259. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet source address?
a. 8A-7B-6C-DE-10-00
b. 8B-32-21-21-4D-34
c. EE-AA-C1-23-45-32
d. 46-56-21-1A-DE-F4
The correct answer is b

260. What is the efficiency of 4B/5B block encoding?
a. 60 percent
b. 80 percent
c. 20 percent
d. 40 percent
The correct answer is b

261. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet unicast destination?
a. 44-AA-C1-23-45-32
b. 46-56-21-1A-DE-F4
c. 48-32-21-21-4D-34
d. 43-7B-6C-DE-10-00
The correct answer is d

262. What is the efficiency of 8B/10B encoding?
a. 80 percent
b. 20 percent
c. 40 percent
d. 60 percent
The correct answer is a

263. A 10-station Ethernet LAN uses a _______-port bridge if the effective average data rate for each station is 2 Mbps.
a. 10
b. 1
c. 2
d. 5
The correct answer is d

264. A _______-station Ethernet LAN uses a four-port bridge. Each station has an effective average data rate of 1.25 Mbps.
a. 160
b. 80
c. 40
d. 32
The correct answer is d

265. An 80-station traditional Ethernet is divided into four collision domains. This means that a maximum of _______ stations contend for medium access at any one time.
a. 20
b. 76
c. 80
d. 320
The correct answer is a

266. If an Ethernet destination address is 07-01-02-03-04-05, then this is a ______ address.
a. Unicast
b. Broadcast
c. Multicast
d. Any of the above
The correct answer is c

267. What is the efficiency of a frame in half-duplex Gigabit Ethernet carrying 46 bytes of data?
a. 97 percent
b. 70 percent
c. 56 percent
d. 12 percent
The correct answer is b

268. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet multicast destination?
a. B7-7B-6C-DE-10-00
b. 7C-56-21-1A-DE-F4
c. 7B-AA-C1-23-45-32
d. 83-32-21-21-4D-34
The correct answer is b

269. Which of the following is a four-wire Gigabit Ethernet implementation?
a. 1000Base-SX
b. 1000Base-LX
c. 1000Base-T
d. 1000Base-CX
The correct answer is c

270. Forty stations are on an Ethernet LAN. A 10-port bridge segments the LAN. What is the effective average data rate of each station?
a. 1.0 Mbps
b. 2.5 Mbps
c. 2.0 Mbps
d. 5.0 Mbps
The correct answer is b

271. A wireless LAN using FHSS hops 10 times per cycle. If the bandwidth of the original signal is 10 MHz and 2 GHz is the lowest frequency, the highest frequency of the system is _______ GHz.
a. 1.0
b. 2.0
c. 2.1
d. 3.0
The correct answer is c

272. An FHSS wireless LAN has a spread spectrum of 1 GHz. The bandwidth of the original signal is 250 MHz, and there are ______ hops per cycle.
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
The correct answer is a

273. A wireless LAN using FHSS hops 10 times per cycle. If the bandwidth of the original signal is 10 MHz, the spread spectrum is _______ MHz.
a. 1000
b. 10,000
c. 10
d. 100
The correct answer is d

274. A wireless LAN using DSSS with an 8-bit chip code needs _______ MHz for sending data that originally required a 10-MHz bandwidth.
a. 20
b. 80
c. 2
d. 8
The correct answer is b

275. A wireless LAN using DSSS with _______-bit chip code needs 320 MHz for sending data that originally required a 20-MHz bandwidth.
a. A 2
b. A 16
c. A 32
d. An 8
The correct answer is b

276. A wireless LAN using DSSS with a 4-bit chip code needs 10 MHz for sending data that originally required a _______-MHz bandwidth.
a. 20
b. 25
c. 40
d. 2.5
The correct answer is d

277. In an ESS the _______ station is not mobile.
a. BSS
b. AP
c. Server
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b

278. In an ESS the _______ stations are part of a wired LAN.
a. BSS
b. AP
c. Server
d. All the above
The correct answer is b

279. A station with _______ mobility is either stationary or moving only inside a BSS.
a. No-transition
b. BSS
c. ESS
d. (a) and (b)
The correct answer is a

280. _______ combine to form a scatternet.
a. APs
b. Piconets
c. BSSs
d. ESSs
The correct answer is b

281. Bluetooth uses _______ in the physical layer.
a. DSSS
b. DHSS
c. FHSS
d. OFDM
The correct answer is c

282. A _______ frame usually precedes a CTS frame.
a. SIFS
b. RTS
c. DIFS
d. Any of the above
The correct answer is b

283. A station with _______ mobility can move from one BSS to another.
a. No-transition
b. ESS-transition
c. BSS-transition
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is c

284. A station with _______ mobility can move from one ESS to another.
a. No-transition
b. ESS-transition
c. BSS-transition
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is b

285. A _______ frame usually precedes an RTS frame.
a. DIFS
b. CIFS
c. CTS
d. None of the above
The correct answer is d

286. Wireless transmission is _______ prone to error than/as wired transmission.
a. Less
b. More
c. Half as
d. None of the above
The correct answer is b

287. Which MAC sublayer does IEEE 802.11 define?
a. LLC
b. PCF
c. DCF
d. (b) and ©
The correct answer is d

288. What is the basic access method for wireless LANs as defined by IEEE 802.11?
a. LLC
b. PCF
c. DCF
d. BFD
The correct answer is c

289. The access method for wireless LANs as defined by IEEE 802.11 is based on ______.
a. Token passing
b. CSMA
c. CSMA/CD
d. CSMA/CA
The correct answer is d

290. FHSS, DSSS, and OFDM are _______ layer specifications.
a. Data link
b. Network
c. Physical
d. Transport
The correct answer is c

291. Stations do not sense the medium during _______ time.
a. SIFS
b. NAV
c. RTS
d. CTS
The correct answer is b

292. A Bluetooth frame needs _______ µs for hopping and control mechanisms.
a. 3
b. 625
c. 259
d. A multiple of 259
The correct answer is c

293. In the ______ method, the sender hops from frequency to frequency in a specific order.
a. DSSS
b. FHSS
c. OFDM
d. HR-DSSS
The correct answer is b

294. A wireless LAN uses _______ frames for acknowledgment.
a. Management
b. Data
c. Control
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

295. A wireless LAN uses _______ frames for the initial communication between stations and the access points.
a. Control
b. Data
c. Management
d. None of the above
The correct answer is c

296. A Bluetooth network can have _______ master(s).
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Eight
The correct answer is a

297. A bridge forwards or filters a frame by comparing the information in its address table to the frame's _______.
a. Source node's physical address
b. Layer 2 destination address
c. Layer 2 source address
d. Layer 3 destination address
The co...