CS101 Solved Subjective paper Midterm File November 2011

[Vuhelper]

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 2 )

Write the

major types of softwares with examples?

Answer..

System SW

System software is responsible for controlling, integrating, and managing the

individual

hardware components of a computer system.

System software performs tasks like transferring data from memory to disk, or

rendering

text onto a display Specific kinds of system software include loading programs,

operating

systems, device drivers, compilers, assemblers, linkers, and utilities.

Software libraries that perform generic functions also tend to be regarded as system

software. System software stored on non-volatile storage on integrated circuits is

usually

termed firmware. These generally perform the background tasks in a computer. These

programs, many times, talk directly to the HW.

Application SW

Programs that generally interact with the user to perform work that is useful to the

user.

These programs generally talk to the HW through the assistance of system SW.

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 2 )

What is

the major difference between paragraph <p> and Line Break <BR> tags?

<P> … </P>

Paragraph

<BR>

Line break

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 2 )

Why

PASCAL was designed and what is the problem with PASCAL?

Answer,,

Pascal is very good for writing well-structured and readable programs, but it is not as

flexible as the C programming language

C++ embodies powerful object-oriented features, but it is complex and difficult to

learn

What changes in the field of computer languages can we expect in the near future

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 3 )

What are

the key requirements of E-commerce Software?

Answer..

E-Commerce Software

Key requirements:

Reliability

Security

Ability to handle 1000’s of transactions, simultaneously

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 3 )

Write

down the pseudo code for the following flow chart.

Answer…. Pseudo code

Flowcharts

Actual code

Pseudo Code

Language that is typically used for writing algorithms

Similar to a programming language, but not as rigid

The method of expression most suitable for a gi

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 5 )

(a) Write

down two positive features of client-side scripting.

Answet..

Reduced server load as it does not have to send messages to the user’s browser about

missing or incorrect data

Reduced network traffic as the form’s data is sent only once instead of many to’s and

fro’s

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 2 )

Explain briefly the different techniques that are used to embed JavaScript code in a

web page?

Answer., Client-side JavaScript code is embedded within HTML documents in a

number of ways:

* • Between a pair of <script> and </script> tags
* • From an external file specified by the src attribute of a <script> tag
* • In an event handler, specified as the value of an HTML attribute such as onclick

or onmouseover

* • As the body of a URL that uses the special javascript: protocol

The following sections document each of these JavaScript embedding techniques in

more detail. Together, they explain all the ways to include JavaScript in web pages --

that is, they explain the allowed structure of JavaScript programs on the client side.

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 2 )

What is an interpreter? Write its one benifit over compiler.

Answere

Interpreter is a program that executes instructions written in a high-level language

An interpreter translates high-level instructions into an intermediate form, which it

then

executes. In contrast, a compiler translates high-level instructions directly into

machine

language

Compiled programs generally run faster than interpreted programs.

compilation stage during which the whole of the high-level code is translated into

machine instructions in one go. This process can be time-consuming if the program is

long.

The interpreter can immediately execute high-level programs, without waiting for the

completion of the translation process

The choice of which language to use can also depend on the:

-Type of computer the program is to run on,

- Expertise of the programmer

Interpreters: immediate response, but execute code slowly.

Compilers: Takes longer to compile, but super-fast execution.

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 2 )

Whether response time of a microprocessor is greater or less than that of RAM?

A microprocessor incorporates most or all of the functions of a computer's central

processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC, or microchipThe first

microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s and were used for electronic calculators,

using binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic in 4-bit words. Other embedded uses of

4-bit and 8-bit microprocessors, such as terminals, printers, various kinds of

automation etc, followed soon after. Affordable 8-bit microprocessors with 16-bit

addressing also led to the first general-purpose microcomputers from the mid-1970s

on.

During the 1960's, computer processors were often constructed out of small and

medium-scale ICs containing from tens to a few hundred transistors. The integration

of a whole CPU onto a single chip greatly reduced the cost of processing power. From

these humble beginnings, continued increases in microprocessor capacity have

rendered other forms of computers almost completely obsolete (see history of

computing hardware), with one or more microprocessors used in everything from the

smallest embedded systems and handheld devices to the largest mainframes and

supercomputers.

Since the early 1970s, the increase in capacity of microprocessors has been a

consequence of Moore's Law, which suggests that the complexity of an integrated

circuit, with respect to minimum component cost, doubles every two years

In the late 1990s, and in the high-performance microprocessor segment, heat

generation (TDP), due to switching losses, static current leakage, and other factors,

emerged as a leading developmental constraint

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 3 )

Write formula for the following expression.

1) If we want to add the value from cell C3 to C10 we can write

2) If we want to add the value of C2 to the value of C4 and than multiply by

C6 , the formula is written for

1.answer formula

=sum(c3:c10) then enter

=(c2+c10Xc6) then enter

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 3 )

How can we enter data in more than one line in an html form?

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 5 )

What is software life cycle?

SW Life-Cycle

The sequence of phases a SW goes through from the concept to decommissioning

It is important to think about all those phases before the design work starts

Thinking about the future phases generally results in:

Shorter delivery times

Reduced costs of development

A system of higher quality

A Case in Point

I didn’t discuss with the customer the specs of the HW & OS before developing a

particular e-commerce SW.

I wrote it for the HW/OS that was easily available to me.

Unfortunately that HW/OS combination differed from what was easily available to

the

client Result: Huge amount of rework. Higher cost. Delayed delivery. Lower quality.

Therefore, now before designing a SW system, I first write down the installation

manual,

and get it OK’d by the customer. I do the same with the Operation & Maintenance

manual as well.

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 5 )

Elaborate greedy algorithm definition with solid example in favour and one counter

example?

An algorithm that always takes the best immediate, or local solution while finding an

answer

Greedy algorithms may find the overall or globally optimal solution for some

optimization problems, but may find less-than-optimal solutions for some instances of

other problems

KEY ADVANTAGE: Greedy algorithms are usually faster, since they don't consider

the

details of possible alternatives

Greedy Algorithm: Counter Example

During one of the international cricket tournaments, one of the teams intentionally

lost a

match, so that they could qualify for the next round

If they had won that particular match, some other team would have qualified

This is an example of a non-greedy algorithm

Greedy Algorithm: Example

A skier skiing downhill on a mountain wants to get to the bottom as quickly as

possible

What sort of an algorithm should the skier be using?

The greedy-algorithm approach will be to always have the skies pointed towards the

largest downhill slope (dy/dx), at all times

What is the problem with that approach?

In what situations that will be the best algorithm?

In which situations would it perform poorly?