CS302 GDB fall january full solution 2012

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Solution



In synchronous circuit, we se the same clock pulse for all gates. so it is very easy to design this circuit. But in asynchronous circuit, we feed ones output as others gate input.so it is difficult to design these circuits. First of all, synchronous designs are more reliable. They are deterministic in their behavior, due to the fact that all signals are sampled at a well-defined time interval. Synchronous designs rely on very few timing parameters to guarantee operation, namely, the maximum frequency of operation of a device (fmax), the register setup and hold times (tSU and tH), and the register clock-to-output time (tCO). Meeting these parameters ensures designs will work under temperature, voltage, and process variations. Synchronous designs are also portable. In all PLDs and ASICs, the master clock, or clocks, are routed via a low-skew clock network. These networks ensure that a design done in one PLD architecture will be compatible with a different architecture, with good results. Synchronous designs take advantage of this trait. In addition, synchronous designs can be tested more easily and run statically, with the clock input driven by a test signal. They can be made virtually immune to noise. Therefore, finding errors in a design will not be a cross between identifying logic errors and tracking down noise-induced errors. Synchronous designs attain performance levels easily. The maximum operational frequency of a synchronous design can be determined from the data sheet for many PLDs. Determining maximum performance of circuits that include asynchronous clocking events is much more complicated. Finally, synchronous designs are easier to code in a hardware description language (HDL), and are also easier to read. Designs built around a common clock yield compact, efficient code. On the other hand, designs with numerous clocks and asynchronous behavior are more difficult to understand. Their code descriptions can also get cumbersome.